Efektivitas Hydrochar Serbuk Kayu Sengon sebagai Adsorben dalam Menurunkan Kadar Antibiotik Enrofloxacin pada Limbah Cair
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55826/jtmit.v5i3.2092Keywords:
Hydrochar, Serbuk kayu sengon, Enrofloxacin, Adsorpsi, Hydrothermal carbonization, Limbah antibiotikAbstract
Enrofloxacin merupakan antibiotik yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan perairan karena bersifat persisten dan sulit terdegradasi secara alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas hydrochar berbahan serbuk kayu sengon sebagai adsorben untuk menyisihkan enrofloxacin serta menentukan kondisi optimum berdasarkan ukuran partikel, waktu kontak, pH, konsentrasi awal, dan dosis adsorben. Hydrochar diproduksi melalui hidrotermal karbonisasi pada suhu 200°C selama 10 jam, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Konsentrasi sisa enrofloxacin dianalisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis untuk menghitung efisiensi penyisihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hydrochar berukuran 160 mesh memiliki kemampuan adsorpsi terbaik dan digunakan pada pengujian lanjutan. Variasi waktu kontak memperlihatkan bahwa efisiensi adsorpsi meningkat hingga mencapai nilai maksimum 48,69% pada menit ke-30. Kondisi pH netral, yaitu pH 7, menghasilkan penyerapan terbaik. Pada variasi konsentrasi awal, konsentrasi 5 mg/L memberikan persentase penyisihan tertinggi, sedangkan peningkatan konsentrasi menurunkan efisiensi akibat keterbatasan situs aktif adsorben. Peningkatan dosis hydrochar meningkatkan efisiensi adsorpsi hingga mencapai kondisi kesetimbangan. Pengujian triplo menunjukkan hasil yang konsisten dan presisi. Analisis FTIR mengidentifikasi gugus hidroksil, karbonil, aromatik, C–O, dan C–O–C yang berperan dalam adsorpsi melalui ikatan hidrogen, interaksi elektrostatik, dan interaksi π–π. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik permukaan, ketersediaan gugus fungsi, dan kondisi operasional secara bersama-sama memengaruhi kapasitas penyerapan, sehingga optimasi parameter diperlukan untuk memperoleh kinerja pengolahan limbah antibiotik yang lebih efektif, efisien, dan berkelanjutan. Dengan demikian, hydrochar serbuk kayu sengon berpotensi menjadi adsorben alternatif yang ramah lingkungan untuk menyisihkan enrofloxacin dari larutan.
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