Keterbatasan Indikator LPI dalam Menilai Kinerja Logistik Negara Kepulauan
(Studi Kasus: Indonesia dan Filipina)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55826/jtmit.v5i2.1857Keywords:
Kinerja Logistik, Logistics Performance Index, Negara Kepulauan, Indonesia, Filipina, Konektivitas AntarpulauAbstract
Negara kepulauan seperti Indonesia dan Filipina menghadapi tantangan logistik yang kompleks akibat keterbatasan konektivitas antarpulau, ketimpangan infrastruktur, serta tingginya biaya distribusi domestik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja logistik Indonesia dan Filipina serta mengkaji keterbatasan indikator World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI) dalam merepresentasikan tantangan logistik negara kepulauan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan menganalisis 40 artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2018-2026. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infrastruktur dan kepelabuhanan, biaya logistik, tata kelola pemerintahan dan regulasi, serta tantangan geografis kepulauan merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kinerja logistik kedua negara. Infrastruktur yang belum merata, lemahnya integrasi transportasi multimoda, serta rendahnya konektivitas antarpulau menjadi penyebab utama tingginya biaya logistik dan rendahnya efisiensi distribusi. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa indikator LPI belum mampu sepenuhnya mencerminkan kondisi logistik domestik negara kepulauan karena lebih berfokus pada perdagangan internasional dan logistik lintas batas berbasis persepsi pelaku logistik global. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperlukan pengembangan indikator logistik yang lebih kontekstual dan adaptif terhadap karakteristik geografis negara kepulauan agar mampu merepresentasikan tantangan logistik domestik secara lebih komprehensif.
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