Analisis Risiko Keselamatan Operasional Bus Trans Jogja Menggunakan Integrasi FMEA dan Root Cause Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55826/jtmit.v5i3.1834Keywords:
FMEA, RCA, keselamatan bus umum, Trans Jogja, risiko operasionalAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji risiko keselamatan operasional layanan Trans Jogja yang dikelola oleh PT AMYGY di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah integrasi terstruktur antara Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) dan Root Cause Analysis (RCA) yang diterapkan pada tiga variabel analisis: pengemudi, kendaraan, dan lingkungan operasional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner sensus terhadap 124 pengemudi, inspeksi fisik terhadap 62 kendaraan, dan observasi lapangan pada 11 rute. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi dua belas modus kegagalan; empat di antaranya diklasifikasikan berisiko tinggi dengan RPN ≥ 200. Nilai RPN tertinggi tercatat pada pemeliharaan oleh mekanik tidak bersertifikat (RPN = 252), rambu lalu lintas hilang atau terhalang di lima rute (RPN = 240), serta kelelahan pengemudi akibat jam kerja berlebih (RPN = 216). Analisis akar penyebab menunjukkan bahwa kelemahan aspek manajemen — khususnya lemahnya pengawasan, ketidakcukupan kebijakan, dan terbatasnya koordinasi antarlembaga — menjadi akar penyebab dominan di ketiga domain variabel. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan keselamatan memerlukan reformasi manajemen yang sistemik, bukan sekadar intervensi teknis individual
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