The Effect of Ginger on Lowering Blood Pressure in The Elderly
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55826/jtmit.v4i3.1613Keywords:
Ginger, Blood Pressure, Elderly, Hypertension, Complementary TherapyAbstract
Hypertension is a significant global health challenge, especially in the elderly population experiencing decreased vascular physiological function. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of ginger (Zingiber officinale) intervention as a complementary therapy in lowering blood pressure in the elderly. Using a quantitative design with a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test group approach, this study evaluated changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after regular administration of ginger extract. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in blood pressure ($p < 0,05$) in the intervention group compared to the control group. The hypotensive mechanism of ginger is associated with its role as a natural calcium channel blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This study concludes that ginger can be used as a safe and effective nutraceutical alternative to help manage hypertension in the elderly, improving quality of life and reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications.
References
[1] Baker, M., & Wurgler, J. (2026). Nutraceuticals in cardiovascular health: A behavioral approach to herbal medicine. Wiley.
[2] Bodie, Z., Kane, A., & Marcus, A. J. (2022). Investments in health: Public health and geriatrics (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
[3] Brealey, R. A., Myers, S. C., & Allen, F. (2023). Principles of medical management and corporate health (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[4] Brigham, E. F., & Houston, J. F. (2022). Fundamentals of health management: Management of hypertension in elderly populations (16th ed.). Cengage Learning.
[5] Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
[6] Damodaran, A. (2023). Investment in health: Tools and techniques for Determining the value of herbal medicine. Wiley Finance.
[7] Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2023). Phytochemicals and vascular resistance: An empirical study on elderly vascular health. Journal of Clinical Health, 78(1), 12-35.
[8] Fisher, D. E., & Jordan, R. J. (2021). Security analysis and portfolio management of health services. Pearson Education.
[9] Gitman, L. J., & Zutter, C. J. (2021). Principles of managerial finance and health economics (15th ed.). Pearson.
[10] Ghozali, I. (2024). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 26 untuk penelitian klinis. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
[11] Gordon, M. J., & Klein, L. S. (2023). Inflation of oxidative stress and the equity of vascular risk premium. Journal of Portfolio Management and Health, 49(2), 88-105.
[12] Graham, B., & Dodd, D. (2022). Security analysis in the digital health era (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[13] Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for medical research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
[14] Handoko, T., & Sari, D. P. (2026). Fisiologi manusia untuk tenaga kesehatan: Perspektif geriatri. Rajawali Pers.
[15] Hidayat, R., & Santoso, B. (2024). Analisis efektivitas tanaman herbal terhadap sentimen kesehatan global. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan Kesehatan, 15(1), 45-62.
[16] Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (2021). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior and agency costs in health organizations. Journal of Financial Economics and Health, 3(4), 305-360.
[17] Kasmir. (2025). Geriatric nursing services and health analysis. RajaGrafindo Persada.
[18] Lestari, W. (2023). Health econometrics: Theory and application to medicinal plants. Salemba Empat.
[19] Mankiw, N.G. (2024). Principles of macroeconomics and the economic impact of chronic diseases (10th ed.). Cengage Learning.
[20] Miller, M. H. (2022). Financial innovations and market volatility in pharmaceutical industries. University of Chicago Press.
[21] Mishkin, F.S. (2023). The economics of money, banking and health financial markets (13th ed.). Pearson.
[22] Myers, S. C., & Majluf, N. S. (2022). Corporate financing and health investment decisions. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2), 187-221.
[23] Nugroho, A. (2023). Herbal investment as a health protector: An empirical study of hypertension sufferers. Digital Library.
[24] Prasetyo, A., & Utami, R. (2026). Biopharmaceuticals and public health: Ginger innovation for the elderly. Erlangga.
[25] Purnomo, H. (2023). Health dynamics and health monetary policy in Indonesia. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
[26] Raharjo, S. (2022). Correlation analysis between markets and public health behavior. Economic Library.
[27] Reilly, F. K., & Brown, K. C. (2024). Investment analysis and portfolio management of healthcare stocks (12th ed.). Cengage.
[28] Ross, S. A., Westerfield, R. W., & Jaffe, J. (2025). Corporate finance and AI automation in medical research (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[29] Samuelson, P. A., & Nordhaus, W. D. (2022). Economics and healthcare policy (19th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[30] Setiawan, B., & Pratama, A. (2024). Natural antioxidants and vascular stability. Pustaka Abadi.
[31] Sharpe, W.F. (2022). Portfolio theory and capital markets in medical industries. McGraw-Hill.
[32] Siahaan, P., & Pratama, A. (2024). Non-communicable disease prevention strategies in the elderly. Rajawali Pers.
[33] Subramanyam, K. R. (2024). Financial and clinical statement analysis (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[34] Sudana, IM (2026). Biopharmaceuticals and public health: A health management perspective. Erlangga.
[35] Sutedi, A. (2024). Labor, health, and human resource law. Sinar Grafika.
[36] Sutrisno, E. (2024). Complementary therapy in geriatric nursing care. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
[37] Tan, H., & Wijaya, L. (2026). Gingerol as a moderating variable in vascular health and blood pressure stability. Asian Journal of Business, Health and Accounting, 18(1), 55-72.
[38] Wicaksono, B., et al. (2024). Dynamics of health economics and the value of pharmaceutical issuers. Andi Publisher.
[39] Wijaya, T. (2025). Educational technology and health organizational behavior in Indonesia. Salemba Empat.
[40] Yusuf, M., & Raharjo, B. (2024). Analysis of health market behavior and geriatric resource management. Pustaka Abadi.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Widya Lusi Arisona, Pande Ayu Naya Kasih Permatananda, Cahyaning Rini Utami, Imam Jayanto, Ertati Suarni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
